02.08.2020
population ii stars definition
The Sun is a member of population I.
Astronomers classify stars into three types: Population I, II and III. Population II stars in the outer galactic halo and in globular clusters have much lower abundances of the heavy elements—often less than one-hundredth the concentrations found in the Sun and in rare cases even lower.
These were later shown to be very important, and were possibly related to star formation, observed By definition, each population group shows the trend where decreasing metal content indicates increasing age of stars. Population II stars formed when the abundance of elements heavier than hydrogen and helium was low. He also noted the difference in color between all these and the bluer stars found in the spiral arms near the Sun (Figure 2). They are found in the spherical component of the Galaxy (the halo and the bulge). Some are still forming now, when further generations have added to the supply of heavier elements available to new stars.With rare exceptions, we should never trust any theory that divides the world into just two categories. Some are in the disk, but many others follow eccentric elliptical orbits that carry them high above the galactic disk into the halo. Population II, or metal-poor, stars are those with relatively little metal.
They have randomly tipped, elliptical orbits which can plunge through the disk of the Galaxy and which take some of them (the halo stars) to large distances from the center. Between the population types, significant differences were found with their individual observed stellar spectra. While some are as old as 10 billion years, others are still forming today. However, there are occasionally some models that are built up more traditionally from theories to observational predictions. Old stars with few heavy elements are referred to as population II stars and are found in the halo and in globular clusters. Intermediate Population I stars are common in the bulge near the centre of our galaxy, whereas Population II stars found in the galactic halo are older and thus more metal-poor. Their orbits are much more randomly oriented than the Population I orbits and are highly elliptical. These objects were formed during an earlier time of the universe.
They are added to the Galaxy’s reserves of raw material when stars die, and their material is recycled into new generations of stars.
Stars observed in galaxies were originally divided into two populations by Walter Baade in the 1940s. Thus, as time goes on, stars are born with larger and larger supplies of heavy elements. Population II, on the other hand, consists entirely of old stars that formed very early in the history of the Galaxy; typical ages are 11 to 13 billion years.We also now have good determinations of the compositions of stars. Population I includes stars with a wide range of ages. After a few million years, the first generation of massive and short-lived stars then expelled heavy elements in supernova explosions and thereby enriched subsequent generations of stars. Yet unlike the halo stars of similar age, the abundance of heavy elements in the bulge stars is about the same as in the Sun.
Interstellar matter and molecular clouds are found in the same places as population I stars.Population II stars show no correlation with the location of the spiral arms. The bulge stars, most of which are more than 10 billion years old, have unusually high amounts of heavy elements, presumably because there were many massive first-generation stars in this dense region, and these quickly seeded the next generations of stars with heavier elements.a star containing heavy elements; typically young and found in the diska star with very low abundance of heavy elements; found throughout the Galaxy While they can provide a starting point for hypotheses and experiments, they are often oversimplifications that need refinement a research continue.
Even the different structures of the Galaxy—disk, halo, central bulge—are not so cleanly separated in terms of their locations, ages, and the heavy element content of the stars within them.The exact definition of the Galaxy’s disk depends on what objects we use to define it, and it has no sharp boundary.
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